9/14/2023 0 Comments Freedom planet 2 piccoloSince the early days of environmental ethics there has been discussion and debate about whether values in nature are anthropocentric (human-centered) or ecocentric (nonhuman-centered) (e.g. We also explore the question of agency, shared responsibility, and a fair attribution of blame for our environmental predicaments. Fourth, ‘self-love’ alone is an inadequate basis for environmental concern and action. Third, anthropocentric motivations can only make a positive contribution to the environment in situations where humans are conscious of a direct benefit to themselves. Second, if addressing human inequalities is a precondition for environmental protection, biodiversity protection will remain out of the scope of ethical consideration for an indefinite period of time. First, redefining the term anthropocentrism seems to be an attempt to ignore behavior in which humans focus on themselves at the risk of the planet. Herein we analyze such arguments, agreeing with parts of them while advancing four counter-arguments. Fourth, human self-love is not only natural but helpful as a starting point for loving others, including nonhumans. Third, since ecosystems constitute the “life-support system” for humans, anthropocentrism can and should be a powerful motivation for environmental protection. Second, that humans differ greatly in their environmental impacts, and consequently, addressing human inequalities should be a precondition for environmental protection. They contend: first that criticism of anthropocentrism can be counterproductive and misleading by failing to distinguish between legitimate and illegitimate human interests. Some environmental ethicists argue, however, that critics of anthropocentrism are misguided or even misanthropic. Environmentally -concerned authors have argued that anthropocentrism is ethically wrong and at the root of ecological crises. Anthropocentrism, in its original connotation in environmental ethics, is the belief that value is human-centred and that all other beings are means to human ends.
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The other 6 walks are on the safe side of the road. Visibility is not far so you have to listen hard as well. The access from the car park is not for the faint hearted as you have to run across the double lane roadway with cars and trucks barrelling past at a great rate. Our walking group completed the Mount Mitchell ascent walk of 10.2 kms. (25 minutes) to the Bare Rock and Morgan's track of 12.4 kms (4.5 minutes). Driving at 80kms you will fly pass quickly if you're not looking for it.įrom this car park there are 7 walks, ranging from the rainforest circuit of 1.6kms Who ever stops to notice the Main Range National Park sign at the top of the very steep Cunningham's Gap, two hours drive from the Gold Coast or Brisbane? As cars reach the ridge line there's a small car park immediately on the right. It's the rim of a 25 million year old volcano and part of the ancient Gondwana rainforest! We've always wanted to walk in this 60km ridge line National Park with it's thrilling views of the coastline. There are no toilets when you get there so if you need to go, do it before you leave Aratula (there a public toilets there as you head through town on the main road). I recommend this walk in Winter because (a) there will be no snakes and (b) it is exposed at the top and would be incredibly hot in summer. We wanted to get back to the car before dark. We started too late to do the Bare Rock add on which would have taken another 45 minutes. The trail starts right at the car park entrance and it is a fairly easy walk up to the top of Mt Cordeaux through beautiful lush rainforest. There is a turning lane which allows you to cross the road easily and legally to get to the car park. The car park is at the top of Cunningham's Gap on the right side (heading toward Warwick from Brisbane). We did the Mt Cordeaux Walk which was just stunning. It is situated around 90 minutes drive from Brisbane via the Cunningham Highway. The Main Range National Park is one of a number of world heritage listed parks in the Scenic Rim area, an area of South East Queensland that was formed by an ancient 25 million year old volcano. Lookout road from near the entrance to the NP takes you on mostly single lane sealed track to cap parking areas to further walks as well as to two very scenic lookout locations. The Cascades track is particularly scenic with many many rock scrambling creek crossings to be made: we walked in and out along the creek which was very enjoyable but a circuit can also be undertaken deviating from the Ridge track: I would suggest if doing this, go anticlockwise to minimise steep climbing sections. The campground also serves as a starting point for a number of national park walks ranging from 1.8km in length upwards and from easy to reasonably taxing. Out of peak holiday periods it is not normally busy but their can be weekend group arrivals. The campground is very well maintained, has a clean toilet block, fire pits across the camping area and non-potable water taps. Spent three nights in a camper based at Manna Gums Campground: a thoroughly enjoyable visit.Īs for all Queensland Parks, you need to book online to camp at a cost of $6.75 per person per night. 9/14/2023 0 Comments Scuba diving santa marta colombiaIt has a hyperbaric chamber for 10 people, as well as specialized medical care at the city's main medical center, the Julio Méndez Barreneche University Hospital. It is worth mentioning that Santa Marta has all the safety conditions for divers visiting the city. The diving centers of the city are identified with the main international diving federations such as PADI, NAUI, SDI, among others. You have many options where you can dive for the first time in your life or get certified as a professional instructor. Santa Marta has more than 15 dive centers distributed in the main tourist areas of the city: Rodadero, Historical Center and Taganga. Santa Marta, with the largest number of dive centers and instructors in the country, is the DIVE CAPITAL OF COLOMBIA. Colombia is no stranger to this reality and has many dive sites along its more than 1600 km of coastline and islands in the Caribbean.Ĭolombia is the country that generates the most diving revenue in Latin America, after Brazil and Mexico. The Caribbean is one of the most incredible diving destinations in the world, with crystal clear and warm waters, a diversity of ecosystems and an incredible number of fabulous dive sites. Where to dive in the Colombian Caribbeanĭiving in the Colombian Caribbean is something you can't miss. Around Morro you can find ecosystems very similar to those within Tayrona National Park. You can dive in the mystical island of Morro de Santa Marta, a former prison turned into a lighthouse and naval operations center. In case your travel dates coincide with one of the closures that take place in Tayrona Park for its conservation, don't worry, there are other nearby diving spots in Santa Marta. What if the park is closed during my visit? You can also do night dives, dives in currents and dives with different gas mixtures. In the bay of Santa Marta you will find a coal barge split into 3 pieces that are located at depths between 5 and 30 meters. Within El Rodadero you can find two shipwrecks: a 50-meter-long cargo ship and a pleasure yacht both at depths ranging between 20 and 30 meters. If adventure and excitement are your thing, you can dive into 3 different shipwrecks: You can do shallow dives (less than 10 meters) and deep dives (between 20 and 40 meters). Within the Tayrona Park you can find more than 30 dive sites located along the different bays and islands that make up the park. It spans about 3,000 hectares of marine reserve, and is home to numerous species of reef fish, countless coral formations, gigantic sponges and many species of animals from the bottom of the sea. Tayrona National Park is the most popular destination for diving in Santa Marta. You may be interested in our Discovery Scuba Diving Tour in Santa Marta. You may be interested in our Diving Tour in Santa Marta.įor those diving enthusiasts who already have previous experience and are certified, Santa Marta has many options for you too. It has a hyperbaric chamber for 10 people, as well as specialized medical assistance in the main medical center of the city, the Julio Méndez Barreneche University Hospital. It is also worth noting that Santa Marta has all the safety conditions available for divers visiting the city. The city's diving centers are identified with the main international diving federations including PADI, NAUI and SDI, among others. Newcomers can try diving for the first time or get certified by a professional instructor. The city has more dive centers and instructors than anywhere else in the county which is why it’s known as the Diving Capital of Colombia. Santa Marta alone is home to more than 15 diving centers located in the main tourist areas of Rodadero, Centro Histórico and Taganga. The crystal clear and warm water, diverse marine ecosystems and number of fabulous sites, make the Colombian Caribbean Sea one of the most incredible destinations in the world for diving. Suitable for new and experienced diversįrom coral reefs to sunken ships and hidden caves, there’s no shortage of spectacular underwater landscapes for both new and seasoned divers to explore at Tayrona National Park. Check out our guide for everything you need to know about scuba diving in Tayrona National Park and Santa Marta. It is a fantastic destination for scuba diving offering over 30 sites in the marine park. Tayrona National Park is an incredible slice of Caribbean coast that spans about 15 thousand hectares, with three thousand of those being marine ecosystems. 9/14/2023 0 Comments Signal isolator 4 20maOnce you have all this setup, we can start working on the code. You will also need a power supply to power up the device. The isolated 4-20mA current loop transmitter board has a 2 connection screw terminal which provides 4-20mA output, over here you can connect the device or sensor you want control. To connect the arduino with 4-20mA current loop transmitter board all you will need to do is insert the arduino module into the arduino i2c shield and use an i2c cable to connect these two boards together. It is real simple to interface these isolated 4-20mA current loop receiver boards with arduino, raspberry pi, usb or any other computer, You can follow the exact same steps and can make it work with any of the platforms. By chaining the address bit its possible to connect two 4-20mA current loop transmitter boards together. The board works on i2c communication and it has 1 address bit. Optical or galvanic isolation eliminate ground loop errors. Also offered is a loop-powered isolator with display (panel meter). Multi-channel 2-wire, 3-wire, and 4-wire isolators and isolated transmitters with AC, DC or loop-powered operation. This one channel isolated 4-20mA current loop transmitter board has 1kV power isolation and also has i2c communication isolation( 2500Vrms). Acromag offers the industry’s best selection of 4-20mA signal isolators. In this post we will be using this one and the 4 channel will work in same way. On the one channel 4-20mA transmitter the DAC is MCP4725. This isolated 4-20mA current loop transmitter has a 12 bit DAC which provides high resolution 4-20mA output. The sensor or device values are changed by varying the current value. BM100 series signal isolators can measure the electrical parameters such as current and voltage or non-electrical. The 4-20mA current loop is also known as 2 wire protocol, in such setups there are two wires which control the device as well as provide the power using same two wires. 4.5 out of 5 based on 2 reviews Write a review. To control such a sprinkler you will change the current output using arduino and this current output will control the sprinkler. Analog Signal Isolator, DC 24V, 4-20mA/1-5V to 0-20mA/0-10V. For example lets say you want to want to control a sprinkler which works on 4-20mA current loop signal, in that case you will need a 4-20mA current loop transmitter board. Increasing circuit load resistance, will reduce the supply voltage available to power the transmitter that is generating the 4-20mA signal. 4-20mA transmitter devices are used to provide 4-20mA signal which can be used to control pumps, valves, switches and transducers. High power consumption compared to other analogue signal types. In our last post we interfaced 4-20mA current loop receiver with the arduino, in this article we will learn how you can interface isolated 4-20mA current loop transmitter board with arduino. Interfacing Isolated 4-20mA Current Loop Transmitter Arduino With the right topic and proper preparation, you’ll be well on your way to writing a compelling narrative essay that will leave a lasting impression on your readers. So, take your time, brainstorm, research, and choose a topic you are passionate about and confident in. Remember, the key is to select a topic that genuinely interests you and allows you to showcase your unique perspective and writing style. Just choose a reputable service and avoid plagiarism by providing your original content. Additionally, professional writing services are available online that can help you with your narrative essay or any other type of academic writing. You can ask for input from friends, family, or peers or even seek guidance from a writing tutor or professor. If you’re still struggling to come up with a topic, don’t hesitate to seek assistance. So, finding something that still needs their attention will be simple. This step should be done after research because a student already has much information to discuss. Afterward, one can study the approached ideas and select the most intriguing one. Students should sit and jot down everything that comes into their heads. Brainstorming is the method of collecting ideas and selecting the best one. Students are often full of gorgeous ideas, but they forget them quickly. Narration is a story that describes different topics beautifully. So they feel more knowledgeable and inspired to write. When reading different literature, students learn about what is happening in the world. On the other hand, essential topics attract the attention of target readers. On the one hand, one can write about love, friendship, hobbies, and many other things. It is not obligatory to select a scientific topic about innovations or discoveries. What is narrative writing for a student? It is an excellent opportunity to create a fascinating story about things that interest them. How to choose a topic to impress the tutor? Professionals give several tips to follow. It encourages reading the first sentence of the paper.Besides, there are 3 signs of a successful title for your essay, whether it is narrative or something else: The topic of the narrative essay usually refers to the writer’s experience, and there is no need to use any data from outside sources. Your potential theme should be interesting for both you and your audience. Preparationīefore your creative process starts, you should learn more about the general requirements inherent in this kind of paper, choose the topic, and collect some relevant information to reference. To write a breathtaking narrative essay quickly, let us introduce you to the most compelling step-by-step sequence: #1. On the contrary, the descriptive essay aims to provide an image of a person, a place, some experience, or an object without demonstrating a chain of events. The primary purpose of a narrative essay is to tell the reader about events, interactions, and experiences that have happened to the author during a particular period. This article will lead you through all the necessary steps and help you write a successful piece adhering to the particular formatting rules. A narrative essay is commonly confused with the descriptive one. Sometimes, it can be hard to understand the difference between two similar papers. There are numerous kinds of essays you may be assigned to complete. 9/14/2023 0 Comments Hemoglobin a1c normal range maleIn other words – half of this large group were being overtreated! Fifty percent had hemoglobin A1c levels below 7.0%. But a study reported 10 years later in which the upper age limit was 79 and the average age of subjects was 63 concluded that “intensive control” produced more harm than benefit for the elderly, resulting in the new guidelines for treatment of over 65ers.ĭespite the new guidelines, a recent study of more than 200,000 patients with diabetes who were over 75 and receiving insulin or oral anti-diabetic medication showed how poorly these guidelines are being followed. But that study involved relatively healthy patients with an average age of 53, and over 65ers were excluded. In 1998, the United Kingdom Prospective Diabetes Study led to widespread belief that “intensive control” – typically meaning a hemoglobin A1c level below 7.0% – was the right target. And with “multiple comorbidities” such as heart failure, cancer, and dementia the goal should be 8.0 – 9.0%. For those with “moderate comorbidity” (so-so health) and a life expectancy of less than 10 years the target should be 7.5 – 8.0%. For healthy over 65ers with long life expectancy, the target should be 7.0 – 7.5%. The key measure of diabetes control is hemoglobin A1c. The American Geriatrics Society gives precise guidelines for the goal of diabetes treatment in over 65ers. Tight control is most worthwhile for healthy people who can expect to live at least 10 more years.” Also, the major goal of tight control is to prevent complications many years later. Hypoglycemia can cause strokes and heart attacks in older people. “Elderly people probably should not go on tight control. Several paragraphs later there’s a very clear statement that elderly people with diabetes should be treated differently: In my uninformed state, that’s how I understood how diabetes should be managed, even for over 65ers. Tight control can prevent or slow the progress of many complications of diabetes, giving you extra years of healthy, active life.” “Keeping your blood glucose levels as close to normal as possible can be a lifesaver. The opening two sentences of the American Diabetes Association’s article on “Tight Diabetes Control” make it sound as if “tight control” should be the goal of treatment: As a result, I haven’t kept up on diabetes treatment, so a June 11 article on “Diabetes Overtreatment in Elderly Individuals: Risky Business in Need of Better Management” was news to me. In my subsequent career as a psychiatrist I was not directly responsible for diabetes care, and as an individual, I don’t have the condition. The last time I was directly responsible for treating diabetes was fifty years ago, when I was an intern in medicine at UCLA. 9/14/2023 0 Comments Empty first value php explodeOriginalString1: The OriginalString1 Parameter of the PHP Programming Language is actually an original string which is used to split a string into many strings and stores in an array only if the string characters are available inside of the string. This delimeter/Separator1 parameter is a mandatory parameter.Ģ. Separator1/Delimeter: The Separator1 Parameter of the PHP Programming Language actually specifies some critical points at which point the string has to split which means that whenever the string character will be found in the string element then it is going to symbolize the end of one array element and start of the another. The Parameters of the explode() function are actually accepting three parameters but in those only two parameters are mandatory and one parameter is an optional parameter.ġ. All these smaller string elements are stored in array with index values and also based on the parameters of the explode() function. It works by splitting the string into smaller strings with the help of the parameters inside the explode() function. They are Separator1, OriginalString1 and No.ofElements1 Parameter. The explode() function of the PHP Programming Language works based on the three parameters mentioned. Don't forget to hire PHP developers who are well-versed in the use of string manipulation functions like `explode()` to ensure the success of your PHP projects.Explode(separator1, OriginalString1, No.ofElements1) How explode() Function works in PHP? By understanding its purpose, syntax, parameters, and various use cases, developers can effectively use this function to maintain efficient and clean code. The PHP `explode()` function is a powerful tool for string manipulation and data processing. In this example, we first split the input data into rows, and then further split each row into individual elements using the `explode()` function. We can use the `explode()` function to process this data and store it in a multidimensional array: Let's say you have the following CSV data: Now let's explore the usage of the `$limit` parameter:Īs you can see, the resulting array contains only two elements because we set the `$limit` parameter to 2. Let's start with a simple example of using the `explode()` function to split a string containing a list of names separated by commas: If $limit is zero, the behavior is determined by the PHP version in use.Įxamples of Using the PHP `explode()` Function Basic Usage If $limit is negative, all elements except the last -$limit elements are returned. $limit (optional) - If specified, the resulting array will contain a maximum of $limit elements, with the last element containing the rest of the string.$string - The input string to be split.$delimiter - The boundary string used to split the input string.SyntaxĪrray explode ( string $delimiter, string $string ) This function is particularly helpful when working with comma-separated values (CSV), processing log files, or parsing command-line arguments. It can be useful for processing and manipulating data from user inputs, files, etc. The PHP `explode()` function splits a string into an array based on a specified delimiter. Introduction to the PHP `explode()` Function Understanding the `explode()` function is crucial for string manipulation and data processing in PHP, and is a must-know for every PHP developer. In this comprehensive guide, we will explore the PHP `explode()` function in-depth, discussing its purpose, syntax, parameters, and numerous examples to help you understand and effectively use this function in your PHP projects. 9/14/2023 0 Comments Shadow era defenderWith minion cap boosts in effect, the same minion can be summoned multiple times, or several different minions can be summoned. Various boosts can raise the player's minion capacity ("slots"), allowing multiple simultaneous minions. The old targeting graphic when target is stationary.īy default, a player can only have a single minion summoned at once. The targeted enemy will show swirling white curves on it. As long as the minions have their target within their line of sight, they will specifically attack it. This will direct the respective minion to target the entity nearest to the cursor. On the Desktop version, Console version, and Mobile version, it is possible to press ⚷ Open / Activate with a minion-summoning item. Exceptions are the minions summoned by the Tempest Staff, Xeno Staff (Desktop, Console and Mobile versions), Desert Tiger Staff (Desktop, Console and Mobile versions), Stardust Dragon Staff (Desktop, Console and Mobile versions), Blade Staff (Desktop, Console and Mobile versions), Sanguine Staff (Desktop, Console and Mobile versions), and Terraprisma (Desktop, Console and Mobile versions), all of which can attack through blocks. Minions follow players in a manner similar to pets, flying and passing through blocks as necessary to keep pace with the player's movements, though most cannot move through blocks for the purposes of attacking. The common limit of all minions is that each has a limited rate of attack and damage, but the different types also have various limits to their movement and/or attacks. Minions provide an ongoing source of damage against enemies which requires little or no attention from the player. A minion costs mana to summon initially, but follows the player indefinitely thereafter at no further cost. There are several different minions available, some of which can walk or fly, and attack using melee or ranged means. They follow the player indefinitely until the player dies, summons a replacement minion, manually cancels their buff, or exits the world. There are 47 summon weapons on the Desktop version, Console version, and Mobile version, 11 on the Old-gen console version, and 5 on the Nintendo 3DS version. Hitting an enemy with a whip causes a player's minions and sentries to target it immediately. Whips (Desktop, Console and Mobile versions) are related weapons that deal summon damage without summoning any minions. Additionally, the set bonuses of the Stardust armor, Chlorophyte armor, and Forbidden armor will summon an entity to fight for the player in a manner similar to minions. Minions are mobile characters that follow the player, while sentries remain stationary. The characters spawned by most summon weapons fall into one of two categories: minions and sentries. They cannot be hurt or killed, and deal summon damage. Summon weapons are a type of weapon that spawns secondary characters that will aid the player during battle by automatically attacking enemies within range. 11.4 (Old-gen console and 3DS versions) The procedure. 9/14/2023 0 Comments Maximum drawdown periodIn case of a mean reversion strategy, a regime change from mean reversion to a trending behavior could cause great losses if the account doesn’t have a Stop Loss. If the prices “gap” down or up when the market opens the Stop Loss order may be executed at a much lower/higher price.Īlso, a Stop Loss is a safety tool either in a mean reversion or a momentum strategy. The Stop Loss only works when the market is open. The common application of the Stop Loss is to exit an existing position whenever its unrealized P&L drops below a threshold. Avoiding LossesĪ common method to avoid losses is the usage of a Stop Loss. A drawback of this method is that it doesn’t prevent for a big drawdown during an overnight gap. If the current drawdown increases, the leverage would decrease. The method controls leverage with regards to the current drawdown. In case of a drawdown, the CPPI will decrease order size faster making almost impossible that the account approach to the maximum drawdown. One of these methods is the Constant Proportion Portfolio Insurance (CCPI), which has the rule of adjust the order size when the strategy has a drawdown. There are other methods to achieve and appropriate risk management and control risk in trading strategies that are more related with strategies based on single or a few assets. This approach takes into account the drawdown distribution which uses the drawdown (magnitude and duration) to define the loss function. In order to develop a more realistic approach of risk management, in the past few years, new measures of risk have been proposed that focus more on the drawdowns and Maximum Drawdowns rather than the volatility or VaR. Unlike the Sharpe Ratio, the Calmar Ratio cannot be scaled to different time horizons, so portfolios that use the Calmar Ratio should have the same backtesting period. The Calmar Ratio is a risk metric that accounts for the Maximum Drawdown of a strategy. The Calmar Ratio is defined as the compounded annualized growth rate divided by the Maximum Drawdown over the same period. The VaR doesn’t reflect the large losses during the history of the financial market. In the real word, returns have fat tails and serial correlation, and their distribution differs from a normal distribution. Some risk metrics such as the Value at Risk (VaR) of a portfolio assume that the returns of the strategy are independently and normally distributed. The important property of the Maximum Drawdown is that its value was obtained from a real world financial series and is not originated from a model with some theoretical assumptions as many times happens. The Maximum Drawdown is a good measure for funds and portfolio managers to become aware of the maximum possible loss of a strategy in a certain period. Drawdown in contrast, refers to the decline in value in the next period from a previous local maximum. The Maximum Drawdown is defined as the accumulated loss of buying an asset in their highest point and selling at their lowest point during a period of time. One of the main concepts in analyzing the risk of a strategy is the Maximum Drawdown that the strategy has. On many occasions, investors or traders earn great profits in bull markets but they lose all or almost all their portfolio value when a bear market starts. Within this plan, the risk management of transactions and positions is the most important feature in the long term. Traders and investors should have in their mind an integral plan to execute trades or enter into a new position. It is important that any trading plan contains a risk management approach to minimize drawdowns, by the use of stop loss or stop limit orders, as well as avoid days of higher volatility. This field focuses on drawdowns, leverage and volatility. Risk and money management are the most important aspect in a trading strategy. Lastly we should have rules to manage the risk of the strategy. 9/13/2023 0 Comments Pacifier gagWhen it is like that you have so many questions and worries on weather or not it will fall apart. Now the collar dose feel like it was made from a fancy dress shop which for me kind of spoiled it when I put it on. This can also be a good punishment tool as well.īe aware that this is no breath play pacifier gag so some little once may be able to find away out of the gag but do not worry because nothing a good old hard bear bum spanking can not fix and a late night in a extra thick diaper or two layers of diapers. This is good for shutting up your adult baby if they are crying or if you suddenly decide that they should not use big words anymore. OH THIS IS A ADULT PRODUCT NOT A CHILD IF YOUR A CUSTOMER BROWSING TRYING TO FIND SOMETHING TO SHUT UP YOUR BABY OR CHILD STOP LOOKING YOU SICKOH! IF YOUR A ADULT AND YOUR LOOKING FOR YOURSELF OR ANOTHER ADULT THEN PLEASE CONTINUE READING THIS REVIEW! It is a Alright gift for a little with little money or a BIG whather that be a caretaker, Care Giver, Mummy or Daddy or Nanny or Grandad if they have grandads. This product is not a bad price and dose it's job quite well, To learn more about how and for what purposes Amazon uses personal information (such as Amazon Store order history), please visit our Privacy Notice. You can change your choices at any time by visiting Cookie Preferences, as described in the Cookie Notice. Click ‘Customise Cookies’ to decline these cookies, make more detailed choices, or learn more. Third parties use cookies for their purposes of displaying and measuring personalised ads, generating audience insights, and developing and improving products. This includes using first- and third-party cookies, which store or access standard device information such as a unique identifier. If you agree, we’ll also use cookies to complement your shopping experience across the Amazon stores as described in our Cookie Notice. We also use these cookies to understand how customers use our services (for example, by measuring site visits) so we can make improvements. 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